Valve controlling mechanism for steam engines



1934- B. R. SCHABARUM 1,970,433

VALVE CONTROLLING MECHANISM FOR STEAM ENGINES Filed Jan. 27. 1931 2 Sheets-Sheet l INVENTOR MPWM 11 9- 7%- Patented Aug. 14, 1934 '5sliding valves'by steam from the power Cylinders when the pistons 'reac'h predetermined positions. Another- 'objeet" is to provide ndvelsteam-"acm 1 ated valve me'chanisn1 for controlling the 0138? H embodiments' oi the principles of this invention? Fig. 1 is a 'longitndinahview "in i section -of an v V cesses. ventiong' some of "the parts being *omi-ttd or f Onthe'drawings, land 1 designate twopower] *cy1inders of a duplex douhle acting steam engine and Z'yand Z" are-thepower pistons reeipro'cable in Qt 1"1e respective cylinders and arranged 9'0 apafr't 'f 3 and 3' arepiston rbdsa'ttaohed tame" respeoti ye pistons 2 and 2",the 'en'ds of the piston tfiujods beingbroken away beyond the st'uflin'g boxes" 10 -tion'fo'f travel of the pistons.

STEAM ENGINES.J' v. J

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m v V p i i '-One-object of -'this invention-is to operate the ati-oriof the sliding val'vesfor' reversing the direc- The-accompanying" drawings illhstrate forpui poses of exemplification but without limitation of the olairnd invention thereto; certain practical engine embo'aymg the novel l features 1 of th broken away; the moving'partsbeing in "What" ,lm' ht be termed 'the' first position of "their o'per- 29- ating cycle. Fig. 2 is a like view onsmaller scale" showing the movingparts inflthe second position;

while lligs; 31and 4 are; similar viewsshowing the thirdand fourth'positions, respectively;

53. in'which they i eciprocat'e. These piston ro 1 steamrohje'stsf and i5" of the two Cylinders have duplicatesliding-valves 6 and'fi having terminal exhaust passages 311" and i l 'ac'oordjing to the position s' of the'slidingvalves? Steain is a'd Ii itted 'to the f, cylinders 1 an 1 thr'o ugh L the 2 v passages "1.12:: or -12 aceoiding-tothe positionsf the sliding valves? The 'meohanism so far described -wil1--be rea di1y understood by acquainted with the steam 'engine art.

f I; provide two controlling valve mechanisms q 1:3 and; I3 for; operating the sliding ---valves '6 and "6"; These mechanisms comprise winders 1 AnimateJammie, 1931', serial No. 511,455)

i 'f im i -iiel ilfi l i .v a .t

land l4 provided with olosed ends 15 and and reciprocating valves "I6' and-16'. =:iThe respecti've valves 16 and 16' are" connectedlto'thej My inventiorf relates" to means for controlling 1 the sliding valves of duplex double-acting steamw me h e esh d n h s vihichthe pis'tons' 'of duplex engines are appli cable, adu'plex, purnp being one example of -isueh 'Brunol tf. S chiahai'um, Toledo,bhia'iassignorfto The l'fiationai- Superior Company, xps e e Toledo Oh V I valves 6 and '6- by the recipro'cab1erdds 17 and i7; Whieh operate in the packing boxes; in the'lefti hand ends 15 and 15 "and'in"the adjacent ends;

and 18 or thecylinders :19 and" 19' in which the valves6 andw wotki' i 21- e;--:: {Ste'arii' pipes 20 and 20 connect =the'centraI; p'oi ts 21' and 21 to the centra'lpoi'ts 22 and-22? in thecylinders m an'd l'. flhervalveslfi and;-

l G' have the 1 annular peripheral passages or r'e-i a 1'4 *a'ndIMat opposite sides-"of the ports 22 and;

22; The interiors'aof: thecyliriders l ix'andl i" v are-connected together by the;pipe sf 31;- 32; 33,, and34 in-a manner to beldes'cribed. i x Th'e pistonr-2"isrshownatthe limit ofzits left" hand'stroke'in Figitl; The sliding -va1V.er6' :is now to Jbe' ishifted'to its right hand limitqto per-- mit steain toaenter at-theflefthandend of the 2 cylinder 2 11; and" to provide for the. exahust of steam -att therrightihand end of the 0y1i1'lde1;.-- "Th'episton '2 isrfsupposedto be: moving tothe; right." .iIt-has just. uncovered the port 21: allowing: steam to pass through the pipe 20. to; the annular. passage;.25 whence it goes through the pipe 3 2 to-. the. a11nular:passage"23. It-then goes-through the? left. hand passagesg28; of the valve. lfi'and: pushes the latter to the right to; its extreme position, as in Fig. 2 corresponding to that occupied by the" valve: 16in the? cylinder 14; As the valve 16"moves to the, right anysteam orair trapped-in theright hand end of' thepylinder; 14' escapes by. wayrof the passages "28 inthe-rightthand end ofi thevalve'i 16" and thencethrough the passage-27$ andutheexhaust port 30 to the atmosphere. JIhe. shifting of-the valvelfi tothev right sl iifts-thev sliding: valve '6 to the right so--that1steam now. passes tothe: left'end oflthe cylinderl fromtthe left hand port 9' and'through' the left handinlet passage 122-1'IhepistonZfxnow travels to the right while the piston 2 continues. its travel in thesame direction.- I; I

.Thevalve 16 remains asshown until the piston 2; reaches its right hand limit. At, this time the v as I in connection with the valve 16. From the pipe 33 steam goes through the annular passage 27 and the right. hand passages 28 of the valve 16 and pushes this valve to its left hand limit as in Fig. 3. This movement of the valve 16 shifts the sliding valve 6 to the left and directs steam into the right hand end of the cylinder 2 and connects the other end of the cylinder to the exhaust port 10. i

11 and around the neck 8' of thevalve 6'.

When the piston 2 passes the port 21 the piston 2' is at its right hand limit as illustrated in Fig. 3 and the steam passes through the pipe 20, the

passage 25, the pipe 34, the passage 27', and the passages28 at the right hand'end of the valve 16'. The steam pushes the valve 16 to the position shown in Fig. 4, and the valve 16' pushes the sliding valve 6 to the position shown so that steam now operates against the right hand end of the piston 2', the exhaust being provided into the exhaust port 10 through the right hand passage Both pistons are now moving to the left.

When the piston 2 reaches its leftlhand limit the piston 2' uncovers the port 21', as illustrated in- Fig. 4, allowing steam to flow through the pipe the passage the pipe 31,.the passage 23, and

the left hand passages 28 in the valve 16 to the lefthand end of the valve 16 which now is shifted to the right to the position shown in Fig. 1. Steam now has access to the left hand end of the cylinder 1, exhaust being provided to the port 10 by way of the right hand passage 11.

When the piston 2 reaches the position show in Fig. 1 the piston 2. is again at its left hand limit as shown and the cycle described is repeated as long as steam is supplied to the engine.

When the valves 16 and 16' are pushed in either direction, the exhaust or bleeding of any air between these valves and the ends of the cylinders 14 and 14'is provided by the exhaust p'orts29, 29 and 30, by way of the adjacent annular passages 23, 23 and 27, 27'. As soon as the valves have moved a short distance these exhaust ports are closed by the annular ribs 35, and 36, 36

which separate the annular passages 23 and 24, 26 and 27, 23' and 24', and 26 and 27'. The valves 16 and 16 thus are cushioned toward the ends of their strokes. The passages 28 are relatively quite small and allow the trapped air to .escape slowly. When the ribs close the exhaust ports, the terminal ribs on the valves uncover the ends of the pipes, so that a very slow exhaust takes place through the uncovered pipes and the ports 29, 29, 30, or 30' as the case may be, as is clear from the drawings.

I claim:--

1. For operating theslide valves of a duplex steam engine,'the combination of a pair of engine cylinders and a pair of slide valves therefor, a

' control cylinder for each slide valve, steam connection between the center of said control cylinder and the corresponding engine cylinder, a control piston working in each of said control cylinders and operatively connected to the corresponding slide valve, said control piston being provided with an intermediate circumferential distributing recess which is always in communication with the corresponding steam connection, a pressure recess adjacent each end of said control piston communicating with the corresponding endof the control cylinder, an exhaust recess on each side of the distributing recess, said exhaust recesses being open to atmosphere, and cross connections between the control cylinders arranged so that the reciprocation of either of the control pistons alternately connects the opposite endsvof the control cylinder of the other control piston to pressure and exhaust.

2. For operating the slide valves of a duplex steam engine, the combination of a pair of cylinders and a pair of slide valves therefor a control cylinder for each slide valve, steam connection between the center of said control cylinder and the corresponding engine cylinder, a control piston working in each of said control cylinders and operatively connected to the corresponding slide valve, said control piston being provided with an intermediate circumferential distributing recess which is always in communication with the corresponding steam connection, a pressure recess adjacent each end of said control piston communicating with the corresponding end of the control cylinder, an exhaust recess on each side of the distributing recess, said exhaust recesses being open to atmosphere, and cross connections between said control cylinders arranged to alternately connect the opposite ends of a control cylinder with the distributing recess and one of the exhaust recesses of the piston of the other control cylinder as the pistons move whereby the pistons are caused to move in succession first in one and then in the opposite direction in their control cylinders.

3. In a duplex steam engine, the combination with a pair of power cylinders and pistons working therein and a separate slide valve arranged 110 to control the admission of steam to and the relief of steam from each of said power cylinders, of means for operating said slide valves comprising a control cylinder for each slide valve, a steam pipe connecting each power cylinder to the cen- 115 ter of the corresponding control cylinder, a control piston working in each control cylinder and coupled to the-corresponding slide valve, said piston being provided with an intermediate circumferential distributing recess which is always in 120 communication with the corresponding steam pipe, a pressure recess adjacent each end of each control piston, and communicating with the corresponding end of its control cylinder, an exhaust recess in each control piston on each side of its distributing recess, said exhaust recesses being open to atmosphere, and cross connections between the control cylinders whereby the reciprocation of either of the control pistons in its cylinder alternately connects the opposite ends of the 130 other control cylinder to pressure and to exhaust.

4. In a duplex steam engine, the combination with a pair of power cylinders and pistons working therein and a separate slide valve arranged to control the admission of steam to and the relief of steam from each of said power cylinders, of means for operating said slide valves comprising a control cylinder for each slide valve, a steam pipe connecting each power cylinder to the center of the corresponding control cylinder, a control piston working in each control cylinder and coupled to the corresponding slide valve, said piston being provided with an intermediate circumferential distributing recess which is always in communication. with the corresponding steam 145 pipe, a pressure recess adjacent each end of each control piston and communicating with the corresponding end of its control cylinder, an exhaust recess in each control piston on each side of its. distributing recess, said exhaust recesses 15o,

being open to atmosphere, and cross connections between said control cylinders arranged to alternately connect the opposite ends of a control cylinder with the distributing recess and one of the exhaust recesses of the piston of the other control cylinder as the pistons move whereby the pistons are caused to move in succession first in one and then in the opposite direction in their control cylinders.

5. In the control cylinders of a duplex steam engine having power cylinders, power pistons, and slide valves for operating the same, the combination of a control cylinder for each power cylinder, a steam connection between the respective control cylinders to the center of the power cylinders, control pistons in the control cylinders arranged to move the slide valves, a distributing recess in the center of each control piston which is always in communication with the corresponding steam connections, pressure recesses adjacent to each end of the control pistons communicating with the corresponding end of its control cylinder,

exhaust recesses in each piston at either side of v 

